Abstract
We have implemented Raman scattering in a vector radiative transfer model for coupled atmosphere and ocean systems. A sensitivity study shows that the Raman scattering contribution is greatest in clear waters and at longer wavelengths. The Raman scattering contribution may surpass the elastic scattering contribution by several orders of magnitude at depth. The degree of linear polarization in water is smaller when Raman scattering is included. The orientation of the polarization ellipse shows similar patterns for both elastic and inelastic scattering contributions. As polarimeters and multipolarization-state lidars are planned for future Earth observing missions, our model can serve as a valuable tool for the simulation and interpretation of these planned observations.
Highlights
Scattering and absorption of light in ocean waters include both elastic and inelastic processes
In this paper we report an implementation of Raman scattering in a vector radiative transfer (VRT) code for coupled atmosphere and ocean systems (CAOS) based on the successive order of scattering (SOS) method [22, 23]
This paper is organized in the following way: Sec. 2 describes the inelastic vector radiative transfer equation; Sec. 3 outlines the optical properties of ocean waters including Raman scattering parameters; Sec. 4 shows our computational scheme using the SOS method; Sec. 5 applies the SOS code to study the contribution of Raman scattering to the polarized radiation field in the CAOS systematically; and Sec. 6 summarizes the conclusions
Summary
Scattering and absorption of light in ocean waters include both elastic and inelastic processes. To improve the efficiency and accuracy of the vector radiative transfer simulation dealing with Raman scattering, a deterministic solution is desired for understanding the underwater polarized light field In addition this kind of radiative transfer tools will be needed for the development of algorithms for retrieval of ocean inherent optical properties (IOP) using a polarimeter, which is a goal of generation of ocean color missions such as NASA’s Pre-Aerosol, Clouds, and ocean Ecosystem (PACE) mission [21]. This paper is organized in the following way: Sec. 2 describes the inelastic vector radiative transfer equation; Sec. 3 outlines the optical properties of ocean waters including Raman scattering parameters; Sec. 4 shows our computational scheme using the SOS method; Sec. 5 applies the SOS code to study the contribution of Raman scattering to the polarized radiation field in the CAOS systematically; and Sec. 6 summarizes the conclusions
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