Abstract
The measurements of parameters relevant to study transport processes of energy, momentum and mass in the middle atmosphere as well as the neighboring regions of the troposphere and the lower thermosphere, which can be done with mesosphere-stratosphere-troposphere (MST) radars and incoherent scatter radars (ISR), are described. The most essential exchange processes between the troposphere and stratosphere, namely the variation of the tropopause height, synoptic-and mesoscale vertical motions and small-scale eddy or turbulence transport, which can be monitored with MST radars, are summarized. The possibility to study vertical transport within the stratosphere by means of vertical motion and by turbulent diffusion is outlined. The transport and deposition of energy and momentum by atmospheric gravity waves in the middle atmosphere is briefly discussed. A method to deduce the turbulence diffusion coefficient from radar data is presented and applied to mesospheric MST radar observations. A brief outline of ISR observations of the mesopause and lower thermosphere is finally given to stress the importance of the coupling between these upper regions.
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