Abstract
Formation of higher number of tillers is desirable for higher grain yield in both wheat and barley; ti llers have delayed physiological development. Studies addressing the contribution of secondary tillers in fi nal DON concentration for wheat and barley are limited. This project aims to improve our understanding of the relationship between FHB symptoms and DON concentration by examining the contribution of primary spikes and secondary tillers as it relates to the f inal DON concentration. Experiments, established as splitsplit plot design with five replications, was be co nducted in South Dakota with moderately resistant a nd susceptible cultivars of each spring wheat, winter wheat and barley. Two inoculation time treatments was applied; at the anthesis of primary spikes (Feekes 10.5) and at anthesis of tillers (Feekes 11.2). Pri mary spikes (inoculated at Feekes 10.5) and tillers (ino culated at Feekes 11.2) were harvested separately, analyzed for visually scabby kernels and deoxynival enol following standard protocols. Levels of DON were statistically higher in main heads of barley and sp ring wheat in each cultivar compared to its tillers . In winter wheat, though there was higher DON level in tillers than main heads in each cultivar, it was not stati stically different. Based upon our result, it is suggested t hat cultivars with high tillers number should be se lected in breeding programs to develop cultivars with high yi eld and low DON. Similarly, planting density of wheat and barley can be adjusted such that it will result in higher numbers of tillers, increasing tillers propo rtion that might lower DON concentration in final harvest.
Highlights
Development of higher numbers of tiller has been linked to positive impact on final grain yield of both wheat and barley. Nerson (1980) reported a more than double increase in wheat yield when tiller numbers were increased from 6 to 16 per plant despite the decrease in plant density by about 70%. Dofing and Knight (1992) conducted a path analysis for barley grain yield and reported a negative impact of increased number of spikes per square meter on two yield components: Kernel weight and kernel per spike
Planting density of wheat and barley can be adjusted such that it will result in higher numbers of tillers, increasing tillers proportion that might lower DON concentration in final harvest
The objective of this study was to improve our understanding of the relationship between Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) symptoms and DON concentration by examining the contribution of primary spike and secondary tillers as it relates to the final DON concentration
Summary
Development of higher numbers of tiller has been linked to positive impact on final grain yield of both wheat and barley. Nerson (1980) reported a more than double increase in wheat yield when tiller numbers were increased from 6 to 16 per plant despite the decrease in plant density by about 70%. Dofing and Knight (1992) conducted a path analysis for barley grain yield and reported a negative impact of increased number of spikes per square meter on two yield components: Kernel weight and kernel per spike. Development of higher numbers of tiller has been linked to positive impact on final grain yield of both wheat and barley. Nerson (1980) reported a more than double increase in wheat yield when tiller numbers were increased from 6 to 16 per plant despite the decrease in plant density by about 70%. Dofing and Knight (1992) conducted a path analysis for barley grain yield and reported a negative impact of increased number of spikes per square meter on two yield components: Kernel weight and kernel per spike. The impact on yield was highly positive, resulting in a net effect of increased yield. The protrudence of anthers (Strange and Smith, 1971) and temporary opening of florets during anthesis are strongly linked to susceptibility of wheat to infection by Fusarium spp. The protrudence of anthers (Strange and Smith, 1971) and temporary opening of florets during anthesis are strongly linked to susceptibility of wheat to infection by Fusarium spp. (Bushnell et al, 2003)
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