Contribution of Oxide Supports in Nickel-Based Catalytic Elimination of Greenhouse Gases and Generation of Syngas

Wasim Ullah Khan,Naushad Ahmad,Mohammad Rizwan Khan,Rosa Busquets

doi:10.3390/en14217324

Wasim Ullah Khan, Naushad Ahmad + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/en14217324

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Abstract

Carbon dioxide and/or dry methane reforming serves as an effective pathway to mitigate these greenhouse gases. This work evaluates different oxide supports including alumina, Y-zeolite and H-ZSM-5 zeolite for the catalysis of dry reforming methane with Nickel (Ni). The composite catalysts were prepared by impregnating the supports with Ni (5%) and followed by calcination. The zeolite supported catalysts exhibited more reducibility and basicity compared to the alumina supported catalysts, this was assessed with temperature programmed reduction using hydrogen and desorption using carbon dioxide. The catalytic activity, in terms of CH4 conversion, indicated that 5 wt% Ni supported on alumina exhibited higher CH4 conversion (80.5%) than when supported on Y-zeolite (71.8%) or H-ZSM-5 (78.5%). In contrast, the H-ZSM-5 catalyst led to higher CO2 conversion (87.3%) than Y-zeolite (68.4%) and alumina (83.9%) supported catalysts. The stability tests for 9 h time-on-stream showed that Ni supported with H-ZSM-5 had less deactivation (just 2%) due to carbon deposition. The characterization of spent catalysts using temperature programmed oxidation (O2-TPO), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed that carbon deposition was a main cause of deactivation and that it occurred in the lowest degree on the Ni H-ZSM-5 catalyst.

Highlights

Carbon dioxide (CO2 ) and methane (CH4 ) contribute to the increasing of the Earth’s temperature
Was wet impregnated over different supports including Y-zeolite (Y), H-ZSM-5 (H) and alumina (A) to synthesize catalysts denoted as Ni catalyst (NY), Ni supported on H-ZSM-5 (NH), and NiNi supported onon alumina (NA), where N represents
Y-zeolite and H-ZSM-5) for Ni-based catalysts were investigated for DRM

Summary

Introduction

Carbon dioxide (CO2 ) and methane (CH4 ) contribute to the increasing of the Earth’s temperature. A reaction that can reduce the concentration of these gases is the dry reforming of methane, DRM (Equation (1)); this reaction can be very beneficial for the environment. In addition to the possible use of DRM for mitigating greenhouse gases involved in global warming, it can generate sustainable hydrogen and syngas (CO + H2 ). Syngas can be used as fuel and to produce a wide range of chemicals including methanol and hydrocarbons to make synthetic fuel [1]. Noble metal and base metal catalysts have been proposed for DRM [1]. Nickelbased metal catalysts have the potential to compete with noble metal-based catalysts when comparing their catalytic performance, cost, and abundance of the raw materials [2]

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