Contribution of High Sensible Crp (Hscrp) in the Assessment of the Risk of Onset of Type 2 Diabetes and its Cardiovascular Complications

Abstract

Introduction: diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. The latter plays an essential role in inflammation by stimulating the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines or by increasing their secretion by an oxidative mechanism. These cytokines control the hepatic synthesis of an inflammatory protein called C-Reactive Protein (CRP). Thus, CRP could serve as a biomarker of risk of onset, monitoring and prognosis for type 2 diabetes. To answer this problem, we conducted this study, the purpose of which was to determine the predictive role of hsCRP in the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its cardiovascular complications. Methodology: this is a prospective and cross-sectional case-control study involving 200 participants including 100 control women and 100 women with type 2 diabetes (mean age was respectively 49.89 years ± 8.26 & 51.92 years ± 7.18 ; p=0.066). The interviews were conducted on the basis of a questionnaire. Physical examination collected biometrics data and cardiovascular constants. The biochemical parameters were analyzed by an automated Abbott device. Results: we found, in control women, a positive correlation between hsCRP and BMI (rho=0.40 p<0.0001), waist-to-hip ratio (rho=0.24 p<0.0001), systolic blood pressure (rho=0.30 p=0.003), diastolic blood pressure (rho=0.28 p=0.006), total body fat (rho=0.48 p<0.0001), visceral fat level (rho=0.47 p<0.0001), glycated hemoglobin (rho=0.29 p=0.003), fasting insulin (rho=0.22 p=0.026), C-peptide level (rho=0.35 p=0.0003), to HOMA-IR (rho=0.21 p=0.034), total cholesterol (rho=0.24 p=0.016), HDL cholesterol (rho=0.24 p=0.019), apolipoprotein B level (rho=0.25 p=0.013). At the same time, hsCRP was negatively correlated with adiponectin level (rho=-0.21 p=0.04) and the nitric oxide level (rho=-0.26 p=0.01). In contrast, in women with type 2 diabetes, hsCRP was positively associated with BMI (rho=0.38 p=0.007), WHR (rho=0.43 p=0.002), total body fat (rho=0.25 p=0.014), heart rate (rho=0.34 p=0.001) and glycated hemoglobin (rho=0.21 p=0.036). Conclusion: hsCRP has a prognostic value in the evaluation of cardiovascular risk. It seems to play an important role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its cardiovascular complications. It could thus be considered as a biomarker for the screening, monitoring and prognosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus.