Abstract
Exploiting hybrid wheat heterosis has been long pursued to increase crop yield, stability and uniformity. Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) systems based in the nuclear-cytoplasmic incompatible interactions are a classic way for hybrid seed production, but to date, no definitive system is available in wheat. The msH1 CMS system results from the incompatibility between the nuclear genome of wheat and the cytoplasmic genome of the wild barley Hordeum chilense. Fertility restoration of the CMS phenotype was first associated with the disomic addition of the short arm of chromosome 6H from H. chilense. In further studies it was observed that chromosome arm 1HchS was also implicated, and the combination of genes in both chromosome arms restored fertility more efficiently. In this work we aim to dissect the effect of each chromosome in fertility restoration when combined in different genomic backgrounds and under different environmental conditions. We propose a model to explain how restoration behaves in the msH1 system and generate valuable information necessary to develop an efficient system for hybrid wheat production.
Highlights
The discovery of heterosis or hybrid vigor and its exploitation in modern breeding programs is one of the most important advances in plant breeding in the last century
It represents a valuable tool in the production of hybrid seed in self-pollinated crop species, and it has been successfully used in many cropping systems including rice, maize, sunflower and rye among others [2, 3]
At least three F1 plants of each cross were sown in pots in November 2013, in Córdoba, in order to assess the effects of the genetic constitution and the environment on fertility restoration
Summary
The discovery of heterosis or hybrid vigor and its exploitation in modern breeding programs is one of the most important advances in plant breeding in the last century. Hybrid varieties have led to a large increase in yield and uniformity in many crop species [1]. Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a condition under which a plant is unable to produce functional pollen due to the interaction between the cytoplasm and the nuclear genomes. It represents a valuable tool in the production of hybrid seed in self-pollinated crop species, and it has been successfully used in many cropping systems including rice, maize, sunflower and rye among others [2, 3]. Despite multiple attempts, no optimum system for hybrid production has been successfully established in wheat [4].
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