Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the scientific production about the contribution of nurses in the prevention of pressure injuries in patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit. Method: This is a descriptive study, with a qualitative approach, of the integrative review type of health journals, indexed in the VHL, LILACS, MEDLINE and SCIELO databases, from 2010 to 2016, using the descriptors for consultation: Intensive care units; Nursing care; Pressure ulcer. Results and Discussion: Eight scientific articles were selected, whose prevalence addressed the identification of risk factors and preventive measures. 83.33% of the studies had a qualitative approach as the selected method. The nurse is seen as a leader in care management, providing critical patients with direct assistance, supervision, guidance and stimulation of the nursing team However, despite technological and scientific advances and the improvement of services and health care, the incidence of Pressure Injury remains high, especially in intensive care unit patients. Final Considerations: It was noticed that the nurse has great relevance in the implementation of protocols and in the execution of preventive measures. The results obtained refer the nurse as a leader capable of early identification of risk factors and of implementing preventive measures aimed at patient safety and reduction of damages involving skin integrity.
Highlights
Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the scientific production about the contribution of nurses in the prevention of pressure injuries in patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit
Eight scientific articles were selected, whose prevalence addressed the identification of risk factors and preventive measures. 83.33% of the studies had a qualitative approach as the selected method
The nurse is seen as a leader in care management, providing critical patients with direct assistance, supervision, guidance and stimulation of the nursing team despite technological and scientific advances and the improvement of services and health care, the incidence of Pressure Injury remains high, especially in intensive care unit patients
Summary
O enfermeiro possui papel fundamental na prevenção de lesão por pressão em pacientes hospitalizados, principalmente, nos que se encontram internados em estado grave ou em cuidados intensivos. Para Fernandes e Caliri (2008), o ambiente de terapia intensiva por exigir terapias de maior complexidade possui diversos fatores que tornam os pacientes mais predispostos à ocorrência de lesões do tipo lesão por pressão. Com base na questão norteadora o objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar a produção científica acerca da contribuição dos enfermeiros na prevenção de lesão por pressão em pacientes internados na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Os dados utilizados referem-se as pesquisas publicadas em periódicos indexados nas bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS): LILACS (Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde), MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online), e SCIELO (ScidentificEletrônic Library Online), através de acessos online, no período de 2010 a 2016 utilizando-se para consulta os descritores, Unidades de terapia intensiva; Cuidados de enfermagem; Úlcera por pressão e aperador booleano AND. A análise e síntese dos dados foi pautada em Lo Biondo-Wood & Haber(2001) e Polit et al (2004) sendo realizadas de forma descritiva, observando, contando, descrevendo e classificando os dados
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