Abstract
Eutrophication is a major problem in China. To combat this issue, the country needs to establish water quality targets, monitoring systems, and intelligent watershed management. This study explores a new watershed management method. Water quality is first assessed using a single factor index method. Then, changes in total nitrogen/total phosphorus (TN/TP) are analyzed to determine the limiting factor. Next, the study compares the eutrophication status of two water function districts, using a comprehensive nutritional state index method and geographic information system (GIS) visualization. Finally, nutrient sources are qualitatively analyzed. Two functional water areas in Tianjin, China were selected and analyzed: Qilihai National Wetland Nature Reserve and Yuqiao Reservoir. The reservoir is a drinking water source. Results indicate that total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) pollution are the main factors driving eutrophication in the Qilihai Wetland and Yuqiao Reservoir. Phosphorus was the limiting factor in the Yuqiao Reservoir; nitrogen was the limiting factor in the Qilihai Wetland. Pollution in Qilihai Wetland is more serious than in Yuqiao Reservoir. The study found that external sources are the main source of pollution. These two functional water areas are vital for Tianjin; as such, the study proposes targeted management measures.
Highlights
Eutrophication is a significant worldwide environmental problem
Visible effects of eutrophication include the development of planktonic scum and rooted plant biomass, increased algal growth, the death of fish, increased sedimentation, decreased dissolved oxygen concentration, and reductions in water transparency [2]
Yang et al used a series of artistic neural networks to develop an eutrophication assessment model for aquaculture water areas [54]
Summary
Eutrophication is a significant worldwide environmental problem. Eutrophication is a form of water pollution, caused by excessive loading of dissolved and particulate organic matter and inorganic nutrients (C, N, and P). Compliance with water quality indicators has historically been used as the standard threshold for triggering management measures This approach does not consider the differences in system responses in different regions. The lake nutrient standard is a nutrient variable threshold that corresponds with lake ecosystems; this value reflects the most natural conditions (the state before the large-scale interference of human activity) [34], at which N, P, and other nutrients have fewer toxic effects on aquatic organisms This background highlights the importance of developing targeted management measures to reduce eutrophication and potentially harmful phytoplankton activity. This study selected and analyzed their eutrophication indicators, to identify water quality responses to load reduction and other appropriate management measures. There were three key study components: (A) an entrophic index system was established; (B) a time series analysis was conducted to reflect eutrophication trends; and (C) recommendations were made based on contrasts between the eutrophication analysis and nutrient source analysis
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