Abstract
AbstractThe flux of terrigenous organic carbon through estuaries is an important and changing, yet poorly understood, component of the global carbon cycle. Using dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and fluorescence data from 13 British estuaries draining catchments with highly variable land uses, we show that land use strongly influences the fate of DOC across the land ocean transition via its influence on the composition and lability of the constituent dissolved organic matter (DOM). In estuaries draining peatland‐dominated catchments, DOC was highly correlated with biologically refractory “humic‐like” terrigenous material which tended to be conservatively transported along the salinity gradient. In contrast, there was a weaker correlation between DOC and DOM components within estuaries draining catchments with a high degree of human impact, that is, relatively larger percentage of arable and (sub)urban land uses. These arable and (sub)urban estuaries contain a high fraction of bioavailable “protein‐like” material that behaved nonconservatively, with both DOC removals and additions occurring. In general, estuaries draining catchments with a high percentage of peatland (≥18%) have higher area‐specific estuarine exports of DOC (>13 g C m−2 yr−1) compared to those estuaries draining catchments with a high percentage (≥46%) of arable and (sub)urban land uses (<2.1 g C m−2 yr−1). Our data indicate that these arable and (sub)urban estuaries tend to export, on average, ∼50% more DOC to coastal areas than they receive from rivers due to net anthropogenic derived organic matter inputs within the estuary.
Highlights
The land ocean aquatic continuum (LOAC) consists of soils, streams, rivers, groundwater, lakes, wetlands, estuaries, and shelf seas and plays a key role in the global carbon (C) cycle
Using dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and fluorescence data from 13 British estuaries draining catchments with highly variable land uses, we show that land use strongly influences the fate of DOC across the land ocean transition via its influence on the composition and lability of the constituent dissolved organic matter (DOM)
This study shows how land use influences the quantity of DOC and the composition of terrigenous DOM entering estuaries and its fate therein
Summary
The land ocean aquatic continuum (LOAC) consists of soils, streams, rivers, groundwater, lakes, wetlands, estuaries, and shelf seas and plays a key role in the global carbon (C) cycle. Inland waters receive ∼5.1 Pg C per year from land, which is ∼55% of global net ecosystem production from terrestrial ecosystems (Drake et al, 2018). This is approximately double the oceanic uptake of anthropogenic CO2, which slows climate change and drives ocean acidification. Our understanding of what drives the export of C into the LOAC, its fate therein, and its export to the open ocean, remains incomplete
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