Contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasonography in gallbladder diseases

Abstract

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the usefulness of contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasonography in gallbladder diseases. Methods: Subjects were 38 patients including 12 with adenocarcinoma, 2 adenosquamous carcinoma, 6 cholesterol polyp, 10 cholecystitis, and 8 adenomyomatosis. After endoscopic ultrasonography, sonicated albumin was intravenously injected and the enhanced effect on images of these lesions was determined. For malignancies we compared diagnostic accuracy (T factor, TNM classification) of endoscopic ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasonography. Vascularity as shown by contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasonography and angiograms was compared. Results: Enhancement was observed in 11 patients with adenocarcinoma but not of those with adenosquamous carcinoma or cholesterol polyp. Angiography provided hypervascular images for all cases of adenocarcinoma, but all other lesions were hypovascular. In one case of adenocarcinoma, 3 cases of adenomyomatosis, and 8 cases of cholecystitis, there was a discrepancy between contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasonography images and angiograms with regard to vascularity. The accuracy of depth of tumor invasion for endoscopic ultrasonography was 78.6% (11 of 14) versus 92.9% (13 of 14) for contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasonography. Conclusion: Contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasonography is useful in the diagnosis of gallbladder lesions.