Contrail formation assessment based on aerological data

Abstract

Contrail is an artificial cloud composed of ice crystals which forms behind jet aircraft at upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. The formation is caused by increase in the relative humidity in the engine plume due to water vapor emissions and by low ambient temperatures. According to the Schmidt-Appleman criterion contrail forms if the humidity reaches liquid saturation. It depends on the state of atmosphere in terms of relative humidity and ambient pressure. This article is focused on contrail formation conditions at high altitudes in the Czech airspace. It analyses the vertical profile of the atmosphere and suitable conditions for contrail formation at different flight levels during the year. Meteorological data was obtained from aerological measurement and used for the assessment of contrail formation for typical jet aircraft.