Abstract
Pilonidal disease is a pathology that was first described more than 100 years ago. However, it still remains the subject of discussion, because there is still no clear unambiguous definition of this pathology, nor its well-known etiology. Despite the large number of developed and substantiated theories, there are still two opposing views on the cause of pilonidal disease. Some scientists are supporters of the “congenital” theory, others – the theory of acquired origin. However, this does not clarify the ultimate goal of these studies: to develop optimal treatment tactics. The purpose of the work is to clarify the data on the etiology of pilonidal disease in children. The study is based on the results of treatment analysis of 37 children diagnosed with “pilonidal disease” who were hospitalized in the Department of Emergency Surgery of Vinnytsia Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital, of which boys – 26, girls – 11. The mean age of patients was 16.4±0.4 years. Histological sections of tissue samples were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Microscopy and creation of a photo archive of histological specimens were performed using a light microscope OLIMPUS BX 41 at a magnification of 100 and 200, in the software environment “Quick PHOTO MICRO 2.3”. The study found that there are significant differences in the histological structure of pilonidal cysts in children and adults. In pediatric patients, mesenchymal tissue was found, which is not typical for this group of patients. It was also found that the cavity of the pilonidal cyst in children is covered with a multilayered squamous non-keratinizing epithelium, and there is almost no granulation tissue. In our opinion, pilonidal disease is a polyetiological disease, the main cause of which is the congenital features of the organism, which are realized due to socio-economic and environmental factors.
Highlights
Pilonidal disease (PD), despite more than a century of history as a pathology described by Anderson A. in 1847, still has a large number of "white" spots
Materials and methods One of the theories of the development of PD pathology is based on the fact that the epithelium, which is found in the pilonidal cyst, is the final variant of the mechanism of formation of the ectodermal layer
After histological examination of the samples we found that in tissue samples taken from the areas around the epithelial coccygeal passages in children, signs of mild chronic inflammation were detected and a large number of skin appendages were detected: deformed hair follicles with many hair shafts and sweat glands of the apocrine type which were not associated with the skin and were located deep in the formed fibrous tissue
Summary
Pilonidal disease (PD), despite more than a century of history as a pathology described by Anderson A. in 1847, still has a large number of "white" spots. These include many things, from a clear definition of the pathology and ending with the rehabilitation of patients after surgery. As for most European and American researchers, they prefer the acquired genesis of the disease, which is realized through the influence of environmental and social factors. Is such a clear division justified enough? Is such a clear division justified enough? In favor of the congenital genesis of the development of pilonidal disease testifies the fact that some researchers in its development note a hereditary predisposition in 10.4-
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
