Contraceptives and Common Sense: Conventional Methods Reconsidered

Abstract

Barrier or conventional methods of contraception--those which physically block the passage of sperm into the uterus or chemically inactivate the sperm in the vagina--are an important group of methods which have been too long ignored. A large and sustained effort to develop new and better barrier contraceptives is sensible and necessary. The effectiveness of the barrier methods is reviewed including the condom diaphragm and vaginal spermicides. Also considered is current acceptability and emerging demand for barrier contraceptives; groups for whom barrier methods have special appeal (adolescents women over 30 men); using science and technology to improve barrier methods; and the status of current research efforts. The apparent lack of popularity of barrier methods in developing countries is examined and it is felt that whether these methods can be effective acceptable contraceptives for a large number of couples in such countries is unknown because the methods have been virtually untried. Recommendations for policy and action are directed at providing supportive family planning services; special programs for adolescents; improvements in packaging and labeling; increasing applied and basic research; and pilot tests in developing countries.