Abstract
Family planning is one of the important aspects in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG's) in Goal 3 on Health and Goal 5 on Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment. Family planning is the basic need and women’s right to pregnancy, to get optimal health. The use of contraceptive enables women to attain their desired number of children and determine the gap of pregnancies towards the improvement of the families’ well-being of. The aim of this paperisto describe the patterns and preferences of contraceptive use among new acceptors attending a family planning clinic at National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) in sixteenstates in Malaysia. The data analysis includes the new acceptors of contraception use among married women aged 15 to 49 years old, who attended a family planning clinic at NPFDB for the year 1990 to 2018. There are various types of contraceptive methods considered: contraceptive pills, Intrauterine Contraceptive Device (IUD), condom, hormone injection, implant, sterilization, rhythm and others. Results of the analysis show that contraceptive pills and sterilization have continued to be the most preferred contraceptive methods among new acceptors at NPFDB clinic, with decreasing pattern from 1990 to 2018.While the use of implant, hormone injection and condom has increased steadily since 2004. The state of Perak has the highest number of new acceptors in most years, whilethe federal territory of Labuan has the lowest number of acceptors in most years within 29 years from 1990 to 2018. In addition, the most popular contraceptive method among women for all states in Malaysia in most years from 1990 to 2018 is contraceptive pills, which is preferred in ten states: Kelantan (83%), Kuala Lumpur (72%), Labuan (40%), Negeri Sembilan (86%), Pahang (66%), Perlis (45%), Pulau Pinang (35%), Sabah (60%), Selangor (69%), and Terengganu (76%). While sterilization is the most popular in four states: Johor (62%), Kedah (59%), Melaka (52%), and Perak (66%). Finally, hormone injection is the most popular method in Putrajaya (100%), and condom is the most popular in Sarawak (40%).As a conclusion, this study has found that although the use of contraceptive pillsisdecreasing, it still becomes the most popular among new acceptors in most of the states in Malaysia since 1990. However, the decreasing pattern of new acceptors for all types of contraceptive methods becomes our concern. Future research should therefore,concentrate on the investigation of the reduction number of new acceptors at NPFDB clinic. This is important to make sure the demands of contraceptive can be met and NPFDB clinics couldprovide better services towards better quality of life and better families’ well-being.
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