Abstract
Contraceptive use among women living with HIV is important to prevent the transmission of the infection to their partners, prevent unintended pregnancies and prevent the mother-to-child transmission of the infection. The study sought to determine the contraceptive characteristics of women living with HIV in the Kumasi metropolis. A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to August 2012 at two HIV/AIDS clinics in the Kumasi Metropolis in the Ashanti Region, Ghana. Interviewer- administered questionnaires were used to collect data from two hundred and ninety five women. Data from one hundred and eighty three women living with HIV and who were sexually active were analyzed. Factors associated with contraceptive use were examined using logistic regression. The overall contraceptive use was high; 84.7% were using a modern contraceptive method. The male condom was the commonest contraceptive method (77.0%) used and this was the main contraceptive method promoted at the HIV/AIDS clinic. Dual method usage was low (4.4%). Multivariate analysis showed that the significant predictor of contraceptive use was HIV status disclosure to partner (AOR = 0.25; 95% CI = 0.07-0.87; p = 0.03). The integration of family planning and HIV/AIDS services could stress dual method use and encourage HIV status disclosure to partner.
Highlights
Human Immunodeficiency Virus prevalence in the world has levelled-off in most regions in the world
The male condom was the commonest contraceptive method (77.0%) used and this was the main contraceptive method promoted at the HIV/AIDS clinic
Multivariate analysis showed that the significant predictor of contraceptive use was HIV status disclosure to partner (AOR = 0.25; 95% CI = 0.07-0.87; p = 0.03)
Summary
Human Immunodeficiency Virus prevalence in the world has levelled-off in most regions in the world. Contraceptive use among women living with HIV is important to prevent unintended pregnancies. This is a prong of preventing mother – to – child transmission (PMTCT). Condom use among women living with HIV is important to prevent the transmission of HIV/STI to the partner. The sexual behaviour and contraceptive use among women living with HIV are important in reducing the transmission of HIV. Condoms have been the main contraceptive that has been promoted for people living with HIV/AIDS because of its dual purpose of preventing the transmission of HIV/STI and preventing pregnancies. It is important to study the contraceptive use and the factors associated with contraceptive uptake in women living with HIV in order to inform programs designed to reduce the transmission of HIV and prevent unintended pregnancies among this subpopulation
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