Abstract
The appearance of a horizontal array of linear lamps below the water surface when viewed from above is approximately in the form of contours of one component of the water surface slope. The degree of approximation is a fraction of one percent when this method is used to describe the slopes of a wind ruffled surface. An extension of the method to image both components of slope requires two arrays of lamps pulsed alternately and in synchronism with a fast camera.
Highlights
The shape of the sea surface on all scales is of importance as the roughness regulates the structure and intensity of turbulence in the wind above the sea
The degree of approximation is a fraction of one percent when this method is used to describe the slopes of a wind ruffled surface
An extension of the method to image both components of slope requires two arrays of lamps pulsed alternately and in synchronism with a fast camera
Summary
The shape of the sea surface on all scales is of importance as the roughness regulates the structure and intensity of turbulence in the wind above the sea. All three measure the refraction of light rays from bright light sources by the slopes of the water surface in order to avoid disturbing the surface They successfully resolve the finest scales of the sea surface, they require large support devices close to the water surface that must necessarily disturb water and air flow, and generate unwanted reflected waves in the region of interest. Another approach that avoids contact with the water involves polarimetric imaging of light reflected from the sea surface [4]. #151011 - $15.00 USD Received 14 Jul 2011; revised 25 Aug 2011; accepted 27 Aug 2011; published 12 Sep 2011
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