Abstract

Work functions measurements were used to monitor the emersed double layer. An apparatus was used which utilized a Kelvin probe and rotating electrode. Curves called emersograms show the change in work function, ΔΦ, vs. electrode potential. ΔΦ of Au, SnO 2 , and other emersed electrodes, was measured as a function of electrolyte concentration, potential scan rate, time-out-of-solution, and other parameters, with no deoxygenation. Au demonstrated less than ideal emersion due to double layer “rip-off”, discharge, and species formed irreversibly in the double layer. To first order, SnO 2 exhibited ideal double layer emersion, even in very dilute solution.

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