CONTINUOUS WEIGHTED JUMPING: EFFECTS ON VERTICAL JUMP HEIGHT

Abstract

High intensity, near maximal exercise is a conditioning activity which can cause neural hyper-stimulation and lead to acute enhanced power production known as post-activation potentiation (PAP). Investigations need to be conducted to better understand the duration and intensity of the conditioning activity and subsequent effects on the fatigue-potentiation relationship. Purpose: To investigate the effect of 30 seconds of continuous vertical jumping while wearing a vest loaded with 30% of body weight on power output as measured with a maximal vertical jump (VJ). Methods: 14 volunteers (8 weight trained males [23.0+2.9 yrs, 79.8+13.8 kg, 179.9+8.6 cm] and 6 weight trained females [23.0+2.9 yrs, 69.9+13.3 kg, 171.6+7.0 cm]) participated in the study. Pre-testing consisted of each participant performing 3 VJs. The highest VJ was recorded as baseline. A weighted vest was then loaded equaling 30% of the individual's body weight; while wearing the weighted vest, participants performed 30 seconds of continuous VJs. Immediately after jumping participants were seated in a chair for 3 minutes; at 3 minutes, they performed a maximal VJ without the weighted vest in the same manner as done during pre-testing. Two additional VJs were repeated at 4 and 5 minutes post weighted jumping. A mixed design ANOVA with repeated measures was performed. Results: Results showed main effects for each of the independent variables tested, gender and jump. The posttest values at all 3 intervals for both males and females were significantly different from the pretest scores (F [3, 36] = 21.74, p < 0.05). Post hoc analysis indicated that the pretest VJ scores (M = 280.1±18.6 cm) decreased significantly at the 3 minute interval (M = 278.1±18.3 cm), followed by a significant increase in height at the 4 minute interval (M = 281.1±18.7 cm), and another increase at the 5 minute interval (M = 283.0±19.2 cm). Males jumped significantly higher than the females across all trials (p<0.05), however there was no significant difference between male and female VJ gain scores between pre-PAP VJ and 3, 4 and 5 minute post weighted exercise VJ. Conclusion: Results suggest that 30 seconds of weighted VJs causes fatigue which decreases VJ at 3 minutes post exercise. However, a PAP effect was seen at 4 and 5 minutes post weighted exercise significantly increasing VJ above pre testing. From a practical perspective, coaches must be aware of the complex nature of the fatigue-potentiation relationship when attempting to elicit a PAP effect in the individual athlete. Article visualizations: