Continuous Production of High-Capacity Iron-Based Prussian Blue Sodium-Ion Cathode Materials Using a Rotor–Stator Spinning Disk Reactor

Abstract

Iron-based Prussian blue materials have the potential to be used as low-cost, simple-to-synthesize, and high-capacity cathode materials for large-scale energy storage sodium-ion batteries. However, in order to obtain high-capacity sodium storage Prussian blue materials, the currently used high-energy hydrothermal method or interstitial coprecipitation method is difficult to meet large-scale energy storage applications. The electrochemical performance of the product is highly dependent on the crystallization process. In this work, a simple stator–rotor reactor (RSSDR) reactor and precipitation transformation were used to improve the crystallization and precipitation process of iron-based Prussian blue, and continuous production was realized. The effects of particles with different morphologies on the products after aging were investigated, and the specific capacity (162.4 mAh g–1 at 34 mA g–1) and cycle retention rate (capacity retention of 64.97% for 200 cycles at the current density of 170 mA g–1) of iron-based Prussian blue were improved. Overall, this work provides a strategy to continuously produce iron-based Prussian blue sodium-ion cathode materials with improved electrochemical performance through improving the crystallization process.