Abstract
2-Phenylethyl acetate (2-PEAc), a highly valued natural volatile ester, with a rose-like odor, is widely added in cosmetics, soaps, foods, and drinks to strengthen scent or flavour. Nowadays, 2-PEAc are commonly produced by chemical synthesis or extraction. Alternatively, biocatalysis is a potential method to replace chemical synthesis or extraction for the production of natural flavour. Continuous synthesis of 2-PEAc in a solvent-free system using a packed bed bioreactor through immobilized lipase-catalyzed transesterification of ethyl acetate (EA) with 2-phenethyl alcohol was studied. A Box–Behnken experimental design with three-level-three-factor, including 2-phenethyl alcohol (2-PE) concentration (100–500 mM), flow rate (1–5 mL min−1) and reaction temperature (45–65 °C), was selected to investigate their influence on the molar conversion of 2-PEAc. Then, response surface methodology and ridge max analysis were used to discuss in detail the optimal reaction conditions for the synthesis of 2-PEAc. The results indicated both 2-PE concentration and flow rate are significant factors in the molar conversion of 2-PEAc. Based on the ridge max analysis, the maximum molar conversion was 99.01 ± 0.09% under optimal conditions at a 2-PE concentration of 62.07 mM, a flow rate of 2.75 mL min−1, and a temperature of 54.03 °C, respectively. The continuous packed bed bioreactor showed good stability for 2-PEAc production, enabling operation for at least 72 h without a significant decrease of conversion.
Highlights
Floral scent is an important ingredient to enhance flavor, and its main component is esters
In the traditional method for preparing 2-phenylethyl acetate (2-PEAc), it can be extracted from plants or chemically synthesized, the concentration of 2-PEAc aromatic esters extracted by this conventional method is low, the extraction process is complicated, and the cost is high [7]
Solvent-free system biosynthesis more suitable for development of the food reaction
Summary
Floral scent is an important ingredient to enhance flavor, and its main component is esters. They are commonly applied to many products, such as perfume, cosmetics, natural food additives, pharmaceuticals, and even in oral use [1]. 2-phenylethyl acetate (2-PEAc) is one of the most important chemicals of flower fragrance [2,3]. In the traditional method for preparing 2-PEAc, it can be extracted from plants or chemically synthesized, the concentration of 2-PEAc aromatic esters extracted by this conventional method is low, the extraction process is complicated, and the cost is high [7].
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