Abstract

Continuous operation offers constant product quality and high process efficiency, that is, high conversion rate, high product yield, and low labor requirement. On the other hand, it also entails inflexibility, vulnerability to infection/contamination, and the requirement of a monitoring/control system to ensure the process operation. The need of a continuous operation is also often related to the limited effective run time, due to the cleaning, sterilizing, emptying, and growing of the biocatalysts in every batch cycle of a batch/fed-batch operation. This article describes a step-by-step analysis of a continuous bioreactor operation, as well as some examples of the application of continuous bioreactor operation in real applications.

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