Continuous direct current by charge transportation for next-generation IoT and real-time virtual reality applications

Abstract

Abstract A conversion from mechanical energy into direct current (DC) is of great interest to realize the next-generation self-sustained Internet of Things (IoT) and real-time virtual reality (VR) control. Inspired by ancient waterwheel transport water and P–N junction theory, a continuous DC nanogenerator was developed using charges unidirectional transportation and dual-intersection triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). By employing tribo-polarity reversal porous material as charges transportation carrier sliding among the ultra-negative and ultra-positive materials, the charges were unidirectionally transported by the discharge of repulsion via line electrodes, forming a stability DC output. Due to the charge transport and repulsive discharge, a much higher DC output voltage was easily obtained than the air breakdown mechanism. Moving forward the realistic application, the capability of the dual-intersection TENGs as a DC power source for the actuator and sensor was well demonstrated, and it further expanded all kinds of wireless networks for next-generation IoT to directly power sensor nodes. To get across the discontinuous characteristic identification from triboelectric (e.g. frequency, number of peaks, pulse absolute value) as status stimulation in software, we first time successfully realized a continuous motion control in virtual space for next-generation real-time VR application in triboelectric.