Abstract
AbstractWith the emergence of Internet of Things (IoT) as a new source of “big” data and value creation, businesses encounter novel opportunities as well as challenges in IoT design. Although recent research argues that digital technology can enable new kinds of development processes that are distinctive from their counterparts in the 20th century, minimal attention has been focused on the IoT design process. In order to contextualize New Product Development (NPD) processes for IoT, this paper comprehensively interrogates existing, and emerging development approaches for products, services, software, and integrated products, and several factors that affect designing IoT. This discussion includes the generic development process, the commonalities and differences of different development approaches, and processes. The paper demonstrates that only a few existing approaches reflect vital characteristics of networked artifacts or the integration of data science within the development model, which is one of the key attributes of IoT design. From these investigations, we propose “The Mobius Strip Model of IoT Development ProcessI,” a conceptual process for IoT design, which is distinctive to others. The continuous loops of the IoT design integrate the attributes and phases of different processes and consist of two different development approaches and strategies. Understanding the particular attributes of the IoT NPD process can help novice and experienced researchers in both feeding and drawing insight from the broader design discourse.
Highlights
As contemporary competitive pressure and the pace of technological advancement increase, organizations encounter the challenges of increasing cost-efficiency, preempting competitors, and creating breakthroughs (Meyer and Utterback, 1995; Kessler and Bierly, 2002)
We aim to develop a conceptual process for Internet of Things (IoT) design that reconciles characteristics
The paper draws an extensive review of current theories, frameworks, and models connected to the research study area, critically interrogating extant accounts of New Product Development (NPD) processes
Summary
As contemporary competitive pressure and the pace of technological advancement increase, organizations encounter the challenges of increasing cost-efficiency, preempting competitors, and creating breakthroughs (Meyer and Utterback, 1995; Kessler and Bierly, 2002) In this context, New Product Development (NPD) is claimed as the principal determinant of competitive advantage (Clark and Fujimoto, 1991; Kleinschmidt and Cooper, 1991; Brown and Eisenhardt, 1995; Crawford, 1997; Alam, 2006) as well as the engine of renewal and survival (Andrews, 1975; Bowen et al, 1994; Fairlie-Clarke and Muller, 2003) for many corporations. If the complexity is effectively managed through the development process, in this case, IoT design may fully unlock value by selling physical products, providing customized services, and harnessing data arising from the product in use. The economic value of IoT is estimated to generate anywhere from $2.7 to $ 14.4 trillion in value by 2025 (Manyika et al, 2013)
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