Abstract
BackgroundThe non-technical skills for surgeons (NOTSS) system was developed as a tool to assess surgical skills for patient safety during surgery. This study aimed to develop a NOTSS-based training system for surgical trainees to acquire non-technical skills using a chest surgery scenario in a wet lab. Materials and methodsTrainees were categorized into three subgroups according to the years of experience as follows: Level A: 6 years or more; Level B: 3–5 years; and Level C: 1–2 years. Three stages of surgical procedure were designed: 1. chest wall resection and right upper lobe lobectomy, 2. right middle lobe sleeve lobectomy, and 3. right lower lobe lobectomy. One instructor was assigned to each operation table, who evaluated each participant's NOTSS scores consisting of 16 elements. ResultsWhen comparing average NOTSS score of all the three procedures, significant differences were observed between Level A, B, and C trainees. As an example of varying elements by procedure, Level A trainees demonstrated differences in Situation Awareness, and a significant difference was observed in Level C trainees regarding the elements of Decision Making. On the contrary, no significant difference was observed among Level B trainees. In the comparison between first-time and experienced participants, a significant improvement was observed in some elements in Level B and C trainees. ConclusionThis study highlights the usefulness and feasibility of the NOTSS scoring system for surgeons with different experiences and the effectiveness of providing feedback to trainees during intraoperative handoffs in a wet lab.
Highlights
Despite significant effort to avoid it, human error is a major cause of medical accidents and adverse events, which could lead to life-threatening complications in the perioperative period
This study investigated the feasibility of the non-technical skills for surgeons (NOTSS) scoring system, and how feedback improves the scores of trainees in this setting, focusing on potential experience-based differences in its effec tiveness among the trainees
This is the first study to examine the efficacy of the NOTSS system during chest surgery in a near-clinical OR setting, with a particular focus on how the receival of feedback based on the NOTSS handbook improves training outcomes
Summary
Despite significant effort to avoid it, human error is a major cause of medical accidents and adverse events, which could lead to life-threatening complications in the perioperative period. Non-technical skills for surgeons (NOTSS), developed as a tool to assess surgical skills for patient safety during surgery, has gained global popularity [6,7]. It includes 4 important categories for surgeons to achieve the goal of a surgical team, situation awareness, decision mak ing, communication and teamwork and leadership. The non-technical skills for surgeons (NOTSS) system was developed as a tool to assess surgical skills for patient safety during surgery. This study aimed to develop a NOTSS-based training system for surgical trainees to acquire non-technical skills using a chest surgery scenario in a wet lab. Conclusion: This study highlights the usefulness and feasibility of the NOTSS scoring system for surgeons with different experiences and the effectiveness of providing feedback to trainees during intraoperative handoffs in a wet lab
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