Abstract
Overview This Continuing Professional Development (CPD) Module will discuss the principles of partial pressures of gas, how the partial pressure of expired carbon dioxide is measured and review examples of the waveforms produced by ventilated patients. Learning Outcomes After completing this module you will be able to: • Define capnography and demonstrate an understanding of how it is recorded. • Discuss the merits and limitations of the three main ways of presenting capnography. • List the indications for capnography. • Describe the four phases of a normal capnograph waveform. • Develop an awareness of capnograph waveform deviations and misinterpretations. • Have an appreciation of how capnography relates to arterial carbon dioxide levels and the normal values.
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