Abstract
Recently, the demand for electricity has been increasing worldwide. Thus, more attention has been paid to renewable energy. There are acceptable limits during the integration of renewable energy into distribution systems because there are many effects of integrating renewable energy. Unlike previous studies that have estimated the distributed energy resource (DER) hosting capacity using the standard high voltage and probability approach, in this study, we propose an algorithm to estimate the DER hosting capacity by considering DER outages due to abrupt disturbances or uncertainties based on the generator ramp rate and voltage stability, which involves analysis of the low-voltage aspects. Furthermore, this method does not involve a complicated process or need large amounts of data to estimate the DER hosting capacity because it requires only minimum data for power flow. The proposed algorithm was applied to the IEEE-33 radial distribution system. According to the DER capacity, a voltage stability analysis based on continuation power flow (CPF) was conducted in a case of DER outage to estimate the DER hosting capacity in this case study. Thus, the DER hosting capacity was estimated for the IEEE-33 radial distribution system.
Highlights
An increase in peak load value affects voltage stability [1]
The distributed energy resource (DER) hosting capacity was estimated for the IEEE-33 radial distribution system
The main problem is that an electric system may collapse because synchronous generators with a ramp rate cannot adjust the output abruptly in the case of a DER outage with serious disturbance or uncertainty
Summary
An increase in peak load value affects voltage stability [1]. Worldwide, the increase in peak load value in power systems is becoming increasingly problematic. In [7], the authors suggested a method to estimate the distributed energy resource (DER) hosting capacity with equivalent distribution modeling that included an infinity bus, network impedance, and no load. In [15], the authors proposed an approach that estimates hosting capacity based on security-constrained OPF (SCOPF) by considering the maximum capacity of the generator with diverse contingency Even though these methods can estimate the DER hosting capacity with optimal position, they cannot confirm the results of all buses. (1) This paper explains the method for estimating the DER hosting capacity by assuming renewable energy uncertainty and outages from renewable energy by considering the ramp rate of the generator. The process of checking the marginal operating point on the PV curve as described above and the maximum power transfer point are determined when the CPF result assumes that renewable energy is included.
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