Contingency-resilient PMU placement using Fuzzy Logic and Discrete Artificial Bee Colony algorithm for comprehensive network observability

Abstract

In transforming traditional grid systems into intelligent and microgrid-based systems, the Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) play a prominent role in enhancing monitoring, assessment, control, and protection by estimating voltage and current phasors correctly and quickly. However, since PMUs are not cost-effective, the decision to take the requisite number and their placement is a significant issue and needs to focus on a better approach. This study addresses the solution methodology to compute the optimal locations of a reduced PMU number to have complete network observability. A new hybrid optimization strategy based on the Fuzzy Logic (FL) and Discrete Artificial Bee Colony (DABC) algorithm has been suggested. The suggested method is titled FL-DABC algorithm, which has been applied to determining the optimal placement of PMUs in microgrid-based systems. The suggested approach tackles the problem of fully network-observable cost-effective PMU deployment. The effectiveness of the Algorithm is evaluated through simulations under various operating limitations, such as zero injection buses, a single PMU, and line outage scenarios. A topological observability analysis validates full network observability with the computed PMU placement. The study also includes branch PMU placement set computation and a comparative analysis with other techniques using standard IEEE test networks for simulations.