Abstract
本文在臺灣聚落研究脈絡上,追問「人如何藉聚落而生活」的社會經濟維生面向。以1945年至2003年臺南市紡織成衣業空間分布為對象,一方面透過統計資料以及地理資訊系統,較為量化、視覺化地呈現了「市區-郊區-原縣區」為範圍的上下游垂直分工。1945年後紡織成衣工廠延續1920年代起自市區外移的趨勢,由街廓面狀發展轉為位處通往市郊道路,反映市地擴張。50年代中型以上規模的工廠多分布在今東、北區的主要道路兩側;60、70年代工廠最主要轉移至南區鹽埕與東區竹篙厝。80、90年代遷至原臺南縣區的廠房也擴大了經濟活動上下游網絡的範圍,成為所謂「臺南都會區」的具體內涵。另一方面,透過偏向質性的訪談,指出在市地重劃的區域所形成的「社區」呈顯的水平分工網絡。文南里具體而微地呈現了社區內小型加工業的遷移與延續。該處的經濟活動以個人、家庭成員為中心,以住商混合販厝為加工場所,與上游廠商建立垂直聯繫,及更重要的加工業者間水平協力網絡。此一網絡在2000年後成衣產業生產部門外移仍持續運作至今。本文將個人「面對現實時的行動」納入敘事之中,也藉此反映出研究取向上如何透過將政經敘事、空間規劃中介至日常現實,以「面對既有都市史較少看見的現實範圍」。在這裡,歷史學者哈若圖寧的「時間性」和「日常性」概念指出了將日常生活納入視野一事之於大敘事的研究意涵。本文也透過將更多的主體納入敘事,以俾理解個人置身--空間、歷史敘事、甚至是社會中的--何處,而日常的謀生活動又如何扣連回較大一些的社會經濟脈絡或具世代性格的群體中,並回到了聚落的本質。This paper proposes a macro spatial structure of Tainan City (1945-2003) and reveals its content via the textile and garment industry distribution. To sum up, there is a two-layer transformation; on the one hand, an industry chain of vertical separation was formed within the scope of the Tainan metropolitan region. On the other hand, in some neighbourhoods planned in readjusted urban areas, some horizontal collaborative networks were set up to meet the industry chain's demand. When research methods are concerned, this paper applies geographic information systems for material coding, integrating, and visualizing. That work leads to a more solid and profound understanding of the historical facts after World War II. Further, the concept of 'everydayness' illuminates a dynamic form of subsistence production about how commoners seize the opportunities of everyday life. Finally, the endeavour of the ordinaries is the agency the individual shows when facing structural transformations.
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