Abstract
This study compared risky sexual behavior (RSB) between migrant and non-migrant Nigerian men, and investigated the individual and community factors of RSB between the two groups. Data for the study were from the 2012 National HIV/AIDS and Reproductive Health Survey in Nigeria. It comprised 15,346 male respondents aged 15 to 64 years and made up of 7,158 non-migrants and 8,188 migrants. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and multilevel binary logistic regression. More non-migrants (37.69%) than migrants (28.43%) were engaged in RSB. RSB among migrants showed significant differences in all explanatory variables except for place of residence and religion. Among non-migrants, significant differences existed between RSB and all the explanatory variables except for awareness of family planning and sexually transmitted diseases. The regression null model showed lower odds of RSB for migrants and non-migrants. In the full model, the intercepts increased odds of RSB for migrants (odds ratio [OR] = 8.55) and non-migrants (OR = 9.21). Variables which increased odds of RSB by migrants included employment status, religion, and place of residence. Education, employment status, wealth index, and place of residence were found to increase the odds of engaging in RSB among non-migrants. The study therefore concludes that social contexts matter for engagement in RSB.
Highlights
Behaviors are a major determinant of health outcomes (Lalonde, 1974; Meade & Emch, 2010; Meade et al, 1988)
The results showed that contrary to findings from most studies, migrants engage less in risky sexual behavior (RSB) than non-migrants in Nigeria
The study found that wealth quintile is associated with increased RSB among non-migrants
Summary
Behaviors are a major determinant of health outcomes (Lalonde, 1974; Meade & Emch, 2010; Meade et al, 1988). Studies are replete with evidence to show that behaviors, risky sexual behaviors (RSBs), are largely responsible for the spread and transmission of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases Such risky sexual behaviors include multiple sexual partnerships, sex at early age, and inconsistent condom use with casual partners (Awusabo-Asare & Annim, 2008; Bingenheimer, 2010; Federal Ministry of Health, 2005; Isiugo-Abanihe, 1994; Oyediran et al, 2010; Udoh et al, 2009; Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), 2010; Vu et al, 2011).
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