Abstract
Recently, the quantification of VANET security has drawn significant attention due to the lack of standard computational metrics. The salient features of VANET, such as highly dynamic connections, sensitive information sharing, and unreliable fading channels, make the security quantification challenging. Accurate measurement for VANET security depends on the sufficient understanding of “context”, or making sense of the states, environment, or situation. This article proposes a context-aware security quantification scheme for VANET based on the Markov chain. Firstly, a Homogeneous Continuous-Time Markov Chain (HCTMC)-based security state model is designed for VANET. The value of each state of the HCTMC is determined with a value function that incorporates the security strength of transmitted data, dynamic and randomness of the vehicular channel, and transmission delay of the current situated environment of VANETs. Finally, the state transition matrix is derived based on the Homogeneous Discrete-Time Markov Chain (HDTMC) and Homogeneous Poisson Process (HPP). Simulation results show that the security quantification method enables the VANET’s system to adopt context-aware defense strategies according to the situated environment.
Highlights
Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET), as a prominent form of Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET), plays an essential role in the future Intelligent Traffic System (ITS) by providing a wide range of applications to improve road safety and driving comfort
The seven states of VANETs in the state transition model in Fig.1 is divided corresponding to the values of objective function T . 1) VANET is in the safe state if T ∈ (0.7, 1]; 2) VANET is in the vulnerable state if T ∈ (0.6, 0.7]; (3) VANET is in the attacked state if T ∈ (0.5, 0.6]. (4) VANET is in the positive state if T ∈ (0.4, 0.5]; (5) VANET is in the negative state if T ∈ (0.3, 0.4]; (6) VANET is in the degradation state if T ∈ (0.2, 0.3]; (7) VANET is in the failure state if T ∈
This article proposes a context-aware and environment adaptive security quantification scheme for VANET based on the Markov chain
Summary
Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET), as a prominent form of Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET), plays an essential role in the future Intelligent Traffic System (ITS) by providing a wide range of applications to improve road safety and driving comfort. It is a distributed self-organizing network built up by high-speed vehicles [1], and is consisted of three parts: Trusted authorities (TA), Road Side Unit (RSU), and On Board Unit (OBU) [2]. RSUs are deployed at alongside the road to transmit the information collected from OBUs to TA. Besides,each vehicle is equipped with an OBU that enables it to communicate with other vehicles or RSUs through Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructures (V2I) modes, respectively.
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