Abstract
Abstract Adult age differences in encoding variability were examined in two experiments. Subjects generated properties to a series of target words on two occasions, and contextual similarity between the occasions was manipulated by presenting target words either in same or different sentence frames. Experiment 1 showed that older adults' interpretations of word meanings were less consistent than those of younger adults when the target words were encoded in different semantic contexts. Age differences in encoding variability were, however, eliminated when contextual changes were reduced. Experiment 2 replicated this pattern of results and revealed that the observed age differences in consistency of processing were associated with age-related retrieval failures. Age differences in episodic remembering were discussed in terms of distinctiveness of encoding and contextual reinstatement.
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