Abstract
AbstractThe natural and man‐made disasters are inevitable in many circumstances. Thus, an effective disaster management system (DMS) is vital for any community that can use state‐of‐the‐art technologies to deal with such cataclysmic events. There is plethora of latest technologies such as Internet of Things (IoT) and cloud and fog Computing that have provided the required infrastructure and connectivity to collect and analyze data from users and physical environment for cognitive decision‐making. This article analyzes different stages of DMSs, and existing IoT solutions are also discussed that are focused on prevention, preparation, response, and recovery from disasters. It also proposes a context‐aware fog‐based IoT architecture to realize a cognitive DMS that can learn from the collected and synthesized data to reduce the impact of catastrophic events by taking immediate actions. Furthermore, the significance of the architecture is validated in different scenarios and inherent open research challenges are emphasized.
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