Abstract
Despite their presence in Italian football stadiums, the UltraS have been the subject of limited empirical research. I use the capital S to identify neo-fascist oriented fans to distinguish them from the wider football supporters ultra’ (Testa and Armstrong 2008; Testa 2009; Testa and Armstrong 2010a). This study is part of a series of publications to fill in this lacuna; it is part of an ethnographic research project carried out from 2003 to 2009. The research aimed to analyze the UltraS social world using as a sample two hardcore subculture of fans at the two main Rome football clubs - AS Roma and SS Lazio. With neo-fascist sympathies, these groups -the Boys at Roma and the Irriducibili at Lazio- are political and well-organized (Testa and Armstrong, 2010a).The present paper focuses on the relationship between the UltraS and the Italian media; the media are often considered by the UltraS as enemies because believed to be biased against them. To complement the ethnographic data, three renowned Italian sports journalists were interviewed in 2008. One was Franco Arturi, deputy director of La Gazzetta dello Sport, which is the most established and popular of the Italian sport newspapers. Another was Giuseppe Tassi, a sport journalist and deputy director of Quotidiano.net (internet edition of the Resto del Carlino, La Nazione and Il Giorno editorial group). The third was Gabriele Marcotti, journalist for the British The Times and the popular Italian daily IL Corriere dello Sport. Analysis stresses the importance of media coverage in influencing the UltraS deviant dynamics and suggests, considering the experiences of other European countries, a reduction of media attention towards the UltraS as a strategy to contain this phenomenon.
Highlights
The Italian Media and il CalcioFootball in Italy is a significant cultural practice; it is an important industry
The present paper focuses on the relationship between the UltraS and the Italian media; the media are often considered by the UltraS as enemies because believed to be biased against them
The UltraS believed that media money was the main reason why Italian football was lacking in values
Summary
Football in Italy is a significant cultural practice; it is an important industry. The comment Scusa, Scusa Ameri (Excuse, excuse me Ameri) heard among friends is frequently said, imitating a phrase often used by the now-deceased Italian radio sport journalist Enrico Ameri to announce that a goal has been scored in a Sunday Serie A match. Not everything in this relationship is constructive; the saturation coverage of football by the Italian media has created some dysfunctions; among these, we find the triviality of many sport talk shows that in content resemble barroom debates. One can find regional and local televisions focusing on their local teams and fans; these broadcasts are often led directly by hardcore football supporters It is in this context that radio programs such as the Irriducibili and Boys’s la Voce della Nord (the Voice of Nord) and Giallorossi si diventa (Yellow-Reds) emerged and became popular in the Lazio region in the late 1990s. It is in this context that radio programs such as the Irriducibili and Boys’s la Voce della Nord (the Voice of Nord) and Giallorossi si diventa (Yellow-Reds) emerged and became popular in the Lazio region in the late 1990s. (Note 3)
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