Abstract
Maintenance of genome stability by preventing DNA damage is crucially important for counteracting carcinogenesis and age-associated diseases. The levels of niacin, vitamin E, vitamin B12, folate, β-carotene, retinol, magnesium, calcium, selenium and zinc, which are key micronutrients considered to be important in the prevention of genome damage, were measured in a range of fresh and processed foods available to consumers in the state of Victoria, Australia. Some of the richest dietary sources of the micronutrients, expressed as a percentage of the (Australian) recommended dietary (daily) intake for adults per 100 g of food, were: wheat germ oil (vitamin E, 1400%); oyster (vitamin B12, 2666%); rice bran (niacin, 296% and magnesium, 212%); chicken liver (folate, 354%); beef liver (retinol, 1777%); golden sweet potato (β-carotene); brazil nuts (selenium, 404%); wheat bran (zinc, 575%); skim milk powder (calcium, 116%). The data will be useful for formulating dietary guidelines for micronutrient intake as well as for formulating functional foods enriched in key micronutrients.
Highlights
DNA damage or genomic instability is recognised as the most fundamental cause of cancer [1,2,3] as well as aging and age-associated diseases [4,5,6]
The levels of niacin, vitamin E, vitamin B12, folate, β-carotene, retinol, magnesium, calcium, selenium and zinc, which are key micronutrients considered to be important in the prevention of genome damage, were measured in a range of fresh and processed foods available to consumers in the state of Victoria, Australia
Micronutrients that have been associated with altered genome stability include trace elements such as magnesium, selenium, zinc as well as vitamins such as retinol, β-carotene, riboflavin, niacin, biotin, pantothenic acid, folic acid, and α-tocopherol [7,8]
Summary
DNA damage or genomic instability is recognised as the most fundamental cause of cancer [1,2,3] as well as aging and age-associated diseases [4,5,6]. The micronutrient contents of many fresh and processed foods can be found in nutritional data tables such as NUTTAB [19]. The data presented in these tables have been gathered from different sources and using different analytical methods over a period of time, and do not necessarily reflect the micronutrient levels in foods consumed by the population in a particular city. Content of Genome-Protective Micronutrients in Selected Fresh and Processed Foods in the Australian State of Victoria 177 weeks. We report on the content of these key micronutrients in the selected foods measured simultaneously using the same analytical methods
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