Abstract
The work is devoted to a comparative analysis of the quantitative content of extractives and water-soluble polysaccharides isolated from the fruit bodies of mushrooms Grifola frondosa depending on the extraction methods. As objects of study used strain of fungi G. frondosa 2639, isolated from commercial mycelium. It was established that the yield of fungi in polypropylene bags (volume up to 4500 cm3) was 36.37%, differing little from the yield of fruit bodies in glass containers (volume 800–1000 cm3). Using the hydrolysis of extraction products it was found that the methods of extracting the fruit bodies of G. frondosa with water lead to the extraction of polysaccharides of different composition. It was established that when using extraction methods in the Soxhlet apparatus, boiling and maceration (25.0±1.0 °C), the yield of extractive substances from the fruit bodies of G. frondosa was within the literature data interval and amounted to 6.04, 5.81 and 3.45%, respectively. It was shown that the highest content of water-soluble polysaccharides in the fruit bodies of G. frondosa was found using the extraction method in the Soxhlet apparatus – 14.92 %, differing from boiling and maceration methods (25.0±1.0 °C) in 1.15 and 1.33 times. By HPLC it was found that when maceration extraction was used (25.0±1.0 °C) and boiling, the monomeric composition of the polysaccharides of the fruit bodies of G. frondosa is mainly glucose, mannose, fucose and rhamnose in a ratio of 1.0 : 0.9 : 0.4 : 1.3, respectively. During extraction in the Soxhlet apparatus, their ratio was 1.0 : 1.2 : 0.5 : 1.9.
Highlights
HO HO1. Различные структуры углеводсодержащих фрагментов полисахаридов грибов [1]: а – Lentinan, б – Maitake D-fraction, в – Krestin, г – Schizophyllan
Ключевые слова: биологически активные соединения, полисахариды, экстрактивные вещества, грибы, плодовые тела, Grifola frondosa, высокоэффективная жидкостная хроматография
The work is devoted to a comparative analysis of the quantitative content of extractives and water-soluble polysaccharides isolated from the fruit bodies of mushrooms Grifola frondosa depending on the extraction methods
Summary
1. Различные структуры углеводсодержащих фрагментов полисахаридов грибов [1]: а – Lentinan, б – Maitake D-fraction, в – Krestin, г – Schizophyllan. Именно у этих веществ часто обнаруживают новые биологические свойства, позволяющие объединить значительную группу указанных соединений под общим названием: биологически активные полисахариды. Данные по методам анализа и биологической активности приводятся в работах [4, 5]. Глубокое изучение физиологической активности полисахаридов, выделенных из высших грибов, открывает возможности для их применения в биологии и медицине, а также показывает перспективность биотехнологических исследований проводимых в этом направлении. Цель настоящей работы – изучение содержания полисахаридов в экстрактивных веществах плодовых тел Grifola frondosa в зависимости от методов их извлечения
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