Abstract
Digital data such as text, relational database, audio, video and software are intellectual property of creators/ writers/owners. The database services have become easily available and economical since the booming of internet. However, their outsourcing through the internet accompanies multiple threats like copying, modifying as well as unauthorized distribution. Relational Database has a wide-spread use in many real-life applications, hence, it is essential to maintain integrity and provide copyright protection. To counter the threats, watermarking techniques have been playing a vital role since the last decade. As a security measure, Relational Database Watermarking is becoming more popular and strengthened day-by-day. This is also one of the upcoming areas of interest among researchers of the Database Security. A technique earlier used for Image Watermarking is applied to watermark Relational Databases. In Image Watermarking technique, a pixel or a pair of pixels must satisfy certain characteristics. Usually, database watermarking techniques concentrate on hiding a watermark in database. Extraction and matching of hidden watermark with original watermark confirms ownership of database. This paper demonstrates the use of image watermarking technique for relational databases. Here we align some properties of attributes of database by changing some bit(s) in attribute value. Using secret key, we have ensured that values of two attributes of a tuples satisfy some bit-similarity property and to do so, we slightly alter values of attributes. Detection of such characteristic in a database using secret key can be done easily to verify the presence of a watermark.
Highlights
Nowaday, relational database systems are used in many real-life situations
Data in a table can be related according to common keys or concepts, and the ability to retrieve related data from a table is the basis for the term relational database
The algorithms proposed for images, videos, texts, audio and software for multimedia objects are not useful for Relational Database Watermarking due to difference in nature of the database from other digital assets
Summary
Relational database systems are used in many real-life situations. Relational database presents the information in tables with rows and columns. Authors/ creators need to outsource their database across Internet for educational, commercial or official purposes The hacker/ attacker can modify/ transform the data and redistribute the same across the internet pretending to be the owner/ author. Such an act has multi-fold effects on the owner of the digital products, mainly financial and intellectual. The algorithms proposed for images, videos, texts, audio and software for multimedia objects are not useful for Relational Database Watermarking due to difference in nature of the database from other digital assets. The researchers in the database fields import the idea of Watermarking for the copyright protection of their Relational Database. Watermarking multimedia objects has successfully dealt with the problems of piracy and copyright violation
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have