Abstract
Mast cell (MCs) is considered the immune cell of myeloid lineage and make a crucial role in the inflammatory process in several types of oral diseases. This mast cell contains 50–200 large granules which are inflammatory mediators, including rich in histamine and heparin. It is mainly found in the connective tissues of the oral mucosa like nerves, blood vessels, and subepithelial areas of the human body. These cells have a key role in the maintenance of many physiologic functions of the body and thus their number was altered in various pathophysiologic diseases of the oral cavity such as benign and malignant tumors, reactive lesions, autoimmune diseases, odontogenic cyst, tumors, etc. The present paper is focused on the current concept and updates on the role and function of mast cells in physiologic and pathologic conditions of the oral cavity.
Highlights
Mast cells (MCs), known as mastocytes and labrocytes, are a type of cell found in the human body
Irritation fibroma, inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (IFH), peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG), and peripheral ossifying fibroma were among the response lesions studied by Farahani (POF) and detected an increase in the quantity of MCs in reactive lesions as compared to healthy gingival tissues
Patidar et al examined the odontogenic keratocyst (OKC), dentigerous cysts (DC), and radicular cysts (RC) for the existence of mast cells using toluidine blue stain and they found that the density and number of MCs/mm2 of connective tissue section were higher in RC compared to other odontogenic cysts and explained that the density was higher at superficial connective tissue compared to deeper connective tissue [22]
Summary
Mast cells (MCs), known as mastocytes and labrocytes, are a type of cell found in the human body. Mast cells indicate either a destructive or a healing phase, depending on the type of the oral lesions. Interleukins (IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, and IL16), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), as well as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), are released by MCs and increase leukocyte infiltration in diverse oral lesions. These cells are high in proteases, including tryptase and chymase, which act on connective tissue with proteolytic activity and encourage angiogenesis, which aids in lesion invasion and metastasis [4,6]. The review of mast cells in the oral lesion was found by searching PubMed (34 articles), MEDLINE (30 articles), and Clinical key (26 articles) for the terms mast cells and an oral lesion
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