Contemporary scientific approaches for a dramatic increase in fruit crops

Abstract

Increasing fruit crops requires the introduction of a new strategy – biologization of fruit growing, i.e. introduction of innovative technologies for the design of new varieties that are breakthrough in yields and product quality, as well as development of algorithms for the optimal placement of existing varieties in macro-, meso- and microecological niches based on digital technologies. Тhe study presents contemporary innovative strategies for: introduction of innovative technologies for the selection of fruit crops with a quantitative assessment of contributions to the yields of seven genetic and physiological systems (GPS), which manage fruit crops and varieties; selection of parent pairs based on the degree of adaptability of varieties in a specific phase of development to limiting environmental factors – phase selection – rather than on the basis of general qualitative indicators (winter hardiness, drought tolerance and others; management of the production process of varieties in each phase of ontogenesis based on estimates of the positive contributions of each of the seven GPS to the crops and the combination of the GPS with the maximum positive contributions to the crop in one future variety; use of digital technologies and improvement of tools for rational placement of varieties in macro-, meso- and microecological niches. Тhe paper shows the ways of applying elements of new strategies for a dramatic increase in fruit crops to ensure, with their simultaneous use, an increase in yields by 200-250%.