Abstract
This chapter considers some of the distinctive characteristics of contemporary behaviourism. The broad programme of radical behaviourism can be pursued in two ways. The first of these may be described as the experimental analysis of behaviour, and the second as applied behaviour analysis. As well as extending the scope and effectiveness of interventions, a greater emphasis on rule-governed behaviour will allow for more meaningful interactions between behaviour modifiers and clients. Such interaction is another key concept in contemporary behaviourism. The experimental analysis of behaviour and applied behavioural analysis are both expressions of the perspective on psychology given by functional analyses of environmental influences on behaviour. Applied analyses of behaviour focus on human behaviour in the less structured world of social interaction. The experimental analysis of behaviour has been largely based on animal models of behaviour in a restricted range of environmental conditions, in the hope of being able to identify broad principles which may be extrapolated to behaviour in general.
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