Abstract
The aim of the present study was to characterize bone mineral density (BMD) and content (BMC) in Brazilian adolescent girls according to age and pubertal stage. A total of 329 girls ranging in age from 10 to 20 years participated in this study. Body weight, height, body mass index, pubertal stage, race, daily calcium intake, and time spent per week performing moderate to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) were evaluated. Lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD and BMC were assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test was used to identify differences in bone mass between ages and pubertal stages (p≤0.05). The daily calcium intake reported by the adolescents was inadequate, corresponding to only 26-47% of the recommended allowance (1,300 mg/day). On the other hand, weekly MVPA was higher than that recommended for adolescents. Significant differences in BMD and BMC were observed for girls aged 10-14 years. In addition, lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD was 58 and 31% higher in postpubertal girls, respectively, when compared to prepubertal adolescents.
Highlights
METHODOLOGICAL PROCEDURESOsteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by a reduction in bone mineral density (BMD) and deterioration of bone microarchitecture, which increases skeletal fragility and the risk of fracture[1]
These data suggest that, body weight and height are within the Brazilian reference range, BMD and bone mineral content (BMC) can vary between adolescents from different Brazilian regions
The BMC and BMD of the Brazilian adolescent girls studied were characteristic of physically active individuals, but calcium intake was considered to be inadequate
Summary
METHODOLOGICAL PROCEDURESOsteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by a reduction in bone mineral density (BMD) and deterioration of bone microarchitecture, which increases skeletal fragility and the risk of fracture[1]. Osteoporosis commonly affects older people, approximately 60% of the risk of developing the disease can be explained by bone mass acquisition during childhood and adolescence[3], a fact that has encouraged studies investigating the aspects of bone mass gain during this period. Some factors influencing bone mass acquisition during adolescence have already been established: genetic factors[4] that can account for 80% of the variation in BMD; age and pubertal stage[5,6], with 90 to 100% of bone mass being acquired at the end of adolescence; ethnicity[3], Afro-Americans have higher BMD than Caucasians and Asians, and lifestyle factors[6,7] such as daily calcium intake and physical activity level. The number of publications is still very modest when compared to the international literature
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