Contaminant removal from plastic waste pyrolysis oil via depth filtration and the impact on chemical recycling: A simple solution with significant impact

Assessing the feasibility of chemical recycling via steam cracking of untreated plastic waste pyrolysis oils: Feedstock impurities, product yields and coke formation

Steam cracking in a semi-industrial dual fluidized bed reactor: Tackling the challenges in thermochemical recycling of plastic waste

Catalytic processing of plastic waste on the rise

Plastics are cheap, lightweight, and durable and can be easily molded into many different products, shapes, and sizes, hence their wide applications globally, leading to increased production and use. Plastic consumption and production have been growing since its first production in the 1950s. About 4% of global oil and gas production is being used as feedstock for plastics, and 3–4% is used to provide energy for their manufacture. Plastics have a wide range of applications because they are versatile and relatively cheap. This study presents an in-depth analysis of plastic solid waste (PSW). Plastic wastes can be technically used for oil production because the calorific value of the plastics is quite comparable to that of oil, making this option an attractive alternative. Oil can be produced from plastic wastes via thermal degradation and catalytic degradation, while gasification can be used to produce syngas. Plastic pyrolysis can be used to address the twin problem of plastic waste disposal and depletion of fossil fuel reserves. The demand for plastics has continued to rise since their first production in the 1950s due to their multipurpose, lightness, inexpensiveness, and durable nature. There are four main avenues available for plastic solid waste treatment, namely, reextrusion as a primary treatment, mechanical treatment as secondary measures, chemical treatment as a tertiary measure, and energy recovery as a quaternary measure. The pyrolysis oil has properties that are close to clean fuel and is, therefore, a substitute to fresh fossil fuel for power generation, transport, and other applications. The study showed that plastic wastes pyrolysis offers an alternative avenue for plastic waste disposal and an alternative source of fossil fuel to reduce the total demand of virgin oil. Through plastic pyrolysis, plastic wastes are thermally converted to fuel by degrading long-chain polymers into small complex molecules in the absence of oxygen, making it a technically and economically feasible process for waste plastic recycling. The process is advantageous because presorting is not required, and the plastic waste can be directly fed without pretreatment prior to the process. Products of plastic pyrolysis are pyrolysis oil, a hydrocarbon-rich gas, with a heating value of 25–45 MJ/kg, which makes it ideal for process energy recovery. Hence, the pyrolysis gas can be fed back to the process to extract the energy for the process-heating purpose, which substantially reduces the reliance on external heating sources.

Drop-in fuel production with plastic waste pyrolysis oil over catalytic separation

Selective catalytic conversion of model olefin and diolefin compounds of waste plastic pyrolysis oil: Insights for light olefin production and coke minimization

A comprehensive experimental investigation of plastic waste pyrolysis oil quality and its dependence on the plastic waste composition

Opportunities and challenges for the application of post-consumer plastic waste pyrolysis oils as steam cracker feedstocks: To decontaminate or not to decontaminate?

Plastic waste management, a matter for the 'community'.

Characterization and impact of oxygenates in post-consumer plastic waste-derived pyrolysis oils on steam cracking process efficiency

Purification and characterisation of post-consumer plastic pyrolysis oil fractionated by vacuum distillation

Plastics and climate change—Breaking carbon lock-ins through three mitigation pathways

The impacts of plastics’ life cycle

Energy consumption in the form of fossil fuels has increased continuously. Because of its lightweight, simple carrying and low price, the modern world utilizes many products with waste plastic and waste tyre as a main source. As a result of this, there is an issue of dumping plastic and tyres into areas of land due to the drastic rise in these reserves each year, municipal waste posses many environmental problems. The latest trend toward converting waste into quality fuels is waste to energy. This present article introduces the use of waste plastic pyrolysis oil and waste tyre pyrolysis oil as an alternative fuel for testing the four-stroke single-cylinder VCR water-cooled diesel engine. Performance and emissions characteristics for mixing waste plastic and waste tyre pyrolysis oil together with diesel mixtures with different blending ratios such as D100, B5-D95, B10-D90, B15-D85, B20-D80, B25-D75, and B30-D70 at a speed of 1500 rpm with loads of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 kg at rated brake power are investigated. Compared to diesel and all other blends, the B20-D80 blend found decent effects. For B20-D80 blend, brake thermal efficiency has increased compared to pure diesel, and brake-specific fuel consumption is reduced. With enhanced blend ratios, CO emissions were increased, NOx reduced with increase in blend ratios, and UHC emissions and smoke are decreased than diesel fuel.

Creating a sustainable energy and environment, alternative energy is needed to be developed instead of using fossil fuels. This research describe a comparison of the use of pyrolysis oils which are the tire pyrolysis oil, plastic pyrolysis oil and diesel oil in the assessment of engine performance, and feasibility analysis. Pyrolysis oils from waste tire and waste plastic are studied to apply with one cylinder multipurpose agriculture diesel engine. It is found that without engine modification, the tire pyrolysis offers better engine performance whereas the heating value of the plastic pyrolysis oil is higher. The plastic pyrolysis oil could improve performance by modifying engine. The economic analysis shows that the pyrolysis oil is able to replace diesel in terms of engine performance and energy output if the price of pyrolysis oil is not greater than 85% of diesel oil.