Abstract
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is one of the most important threats to cattle health and production in Ethiopia. At the livestock farm of the Bako Agricultural Research Center, an outbreak of respiratory disease of cattle occurred in May 2011, and many animals were affected and died before the disease was diagnosed. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the seroprevalence of CBPP antibodies in selected districts of Western Oromia Region and to assess the potential risk factors for the occurrence of the disease. A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2013 to March 2014 in three selected districts of Western Oromia Region. A total of 386 sera were examined for the presence of specific antibodies against Mycoplasma mycoidesmycoides small colony (MmmSC), using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The risk factors that were evaluated in this study were geographical location, age, sex, breed and body condition. The overall seroprevalence in this study was 28.5%. The seroprevalence of Mycoplasma mycoidesmycoides small colony antibodies at the district level was 40.3%, 19.0% and 5.7% in Gobbu Sayyo, BakoTibbe and Horro districts, respectively. There was a statistically significant variation (p < 0.05) in the prevalence of antibodies amongst the districts. However, animal-related risk factors, such as age, sex, breed and body condition, were not significantly associated (p > 0.05) with the serological status of the animal. This study showed that the overall prevalence of CBPP in Western Oromia Zones was high. This warrants the implementation of appropriate preventive and control measures to minimise the economic losses associated with the disease.
Highlights
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is an acute, subacute or chronic respiratory disease of cattle caused by Mycoplasma mycoidesmycoides small colony (MmmSC) (OIE 2008)
The overall seroprevalence was lower than 39% reported by Gedlu (2004) in Somali Regional State and 56% reported by Dejene (1996) in North Omo, western Ethiopia, but higher than many others previously reported: 9.4% in Borena (Ahmed 2004), 9.7% in south-western Kenya (Schnier et al 2006), 9.1% in northwest Ethiopia (Gashaw 1998), 16% in Kajiado district, Kenya (Matua-Alumira et al 2006), and 4% in and around Adama, central Ethiopia (Kassaye & Molla 2013)
This study documented a high seroprevalence of CBPP in cattle in the western part of Ethiopia, suggesting the disease could cause considerable economic losses through morbidity and mortality
Summary
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is an acute, subacute or chronic respiratory disease of cattle caused by Mycoplasma mycoidesmycoides small colony (MmmSC) (OIE 2008). It is one of the most important transboundary diseases, along with foot and mouth disease (FMD), its clinical effects on animals are far more severe than foot and mouth disease (Nicholas, Ayling & McAuliffe 2008). Famine as well as inadequate financing of veterinary services have resulted in CBPP spreading widely in East and Central Africa (Radiostits et al 2006). CBPP has become the most important cattle disease that hinders livestock development in Ethiopia
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