Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia: Seroprevalence and Risk Factors in Gimbo District, Southwest Ethiopia.

Yosef Mamo,Temesgen Abera,Yosef Deneke,Molalegne Bitew,Debebe Gebre,Tsegaye Teklemariam,Tefera Benti,Murga Soma

doi:10.1155/2018/5729296

Abstract

Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a highly contagious disease of cattle which is one of the great plagues which continues to devastate the cattle herds on which so many people are dependent in Africa. Cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2015 to August 2016 to determine the seroprevalence of CBPP in cattle and associated risk factors in Gimbo district, Southwest Ethiopia. A total of 384 serum samples were collected and tested for the presence of specific antibodies against Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides small colony (MmmSC), using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA). Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis were performed to determine the association between risk factors and seroprevalence of CBPP. An overall seroprevalence of CBPP was 8.1% (31/384) and it was ranging from 0% to 20% across different Peasant associations (PAs). The seroprevalence of CBPP among adult animals was 8.5% (25) and in young 6.6% (6), in good body condition animals 6.6% (18) and in poor 11.5% (13), in dry season 11.9% (20) and in rainy 5.1% (11), and in highland altitude 2.5% (3), midland 3.8% (5), and lowland 17.4% (23). Among the potential predisposing factors assessed, altitude was found significantly (p = 0.02, OR = 7.3) associated with the seroprevalence of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia and other risk factors had no significant (P > 0.05) influence. The present study showed that the overall seroprevalence of CBPP in Gimbo district was high and this indicates a need for intervening and implementing control measures to prevent further spread of the disease in the district through the use of better and coordinated vaccination program.

Highlights

Ethiopia is one of the countries in African continent with huge livestock potential and among the first ten in the world [1]
The study found that seroprevalence of Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) was significantly (p < 0.05) associated with Peasant associations (PAs) (Table 1)
Out of 216 cattle examined during the rainy season (March and April), 5.1% (11) were found positive for CBPP and out of 168 cattle examined during the dry season (January and February), 11.9% (20) were found positive for CBPP (Table 2)

Summary

Introduction

Ethiopia is one of the countries in African continent with huge livestock potential and among the first ten in the world [1]. Low genetic potential of the animals, poor nutrition, and widespread diseases are the major constraints contributing to the low productivity of local breeds [5, 6]. Transboundary animal diseases such as contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) cause the major limitation to the livestock agriculture of the country and affect livelihood through their effect on animal health and impact on the production, availability, and quality of animal food [4]

Methods

Results

Conclusion