CONTACT TOXICITY OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF Croton pulegiodorus BAILL ON Sitophilus zeamais MOTSCHULSKY

Patryck Érmerson Monteiro Dos Santos,Cilene Rejane Inácio De Magalhães Lira,Carlos Romero Ferreira De Oliveira,Antonielson Bezerra Da Silva,Cláudia Helena Cysneiros Matos

doi:10.1590/1983-21252019v32n205rc

Patryck Érmerson Monteiro Dos Santos, Cilene Rejane Inácio De Magalhães Lira + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252019v32n205rc

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Abstract

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the contact toxicity of essential oil of Croton pulegiodorus Baill on six populations of Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky. The S. zeamais populations used were from Crixás-GO, Espírito Santo do Pinhal-SP, Juiz de Fora-MG, Picos-PI, Serra Talhada-PE, and Vicentina-MS, Brazil, and present different susceptibility to synthetic insecticides. The essential oil of C. pulegiodorus used was obtained from plants collected in Triunfo-PE, Brazil. The lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90), toxicity ratio of the essential oil, and the resistance ratio of the populations were estimated. The S. zeamais population from Serra Talhada-PE presented the lowest LC50 (4.21 μL 20 g-1) and LC90 (6.67 μL 20 g-1) and was the reference for susceptibility to the essential oil of C. pulegiodorus. The S. zeamais population from Espírito Santo do Pinhal-SP presented the highest LC50 (6.02 μL 20 g-1) and LC90 (10.55 μL 20 g-1) and was the reference for tolerance to the essential oil of C. pulegiodorus. The toxicity ratio ranged from 1.01 (Picos-PI) to 1.43 (Serra Talhada-PE); and the resistance ratio ranged from 1.13 (Crixás-GO) to 1.43 (Espírito Santo do Pinhal-SP). The essential oil of C. pulegiodorus reduced the emergence of adult S. zemais and showed residual effect, with contact toxicity, after 30 and 60 days of application.

Highlights

Maize (Zea mays L.) is an important grain crop in Brazil
The lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90) of the essential oil of C. pulegiodorus for the S. zeamais populations is shown in Table 1; the responses of the S. zeamais populations to the essential oil varied
Similar results were found for LC90; the population from Espírito Santo do Pinhal-SP presented the highest LC90 (10.55 μL 20 g1) and the one from Serra Talhada-PE the lowest (6.67 μL 20 g-1) (Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

Maize (Zea mays L.) is an important grain crop in Brazil. The Brazilian maize grain production in the 2017/2018 crop season is estimated in more than 82 million of tonnes (CONAB, 2018). Problems caused by synthetic insecticides and fumigants, which are used to control pests of stored products, include risks to the environment and human health and the emergence of resistant insect populations to their active principles, and have led to the search for alternative methods of control (GUEDES, GUEDES; ROSI-DENADAI, 2011). Several resistant insect populations that attack stored products have been found, especially of S. zeamais (SOUSA et al, 2009; PIMENTEL et al, 2009; BOYER et al, 2012). Studies have shown the potential of using essential oils as an alternative method for seed protection and control of several pests of stored products in Brazil (COITINHO et al, 2011; BRITO et al, 2015; MAGALHÃES et al, 2015; SOUZA et al, 2016; ARAÚJO et al, 2017). Essential oils present different effects on insects (SUTHISUT; FIELDS; CHANDRAPATYA, 2011; KŁYS; MALEJKY; NOWAK-CHMURA, 2017), causing biochemical, physiological, and behavioral disorders that lead to their death or affect their development and reproduction (CABALLERO-GALLARDO; OLIVERO-VERBEL; STASHENKO, 2011, CHAUBEY, 2016)

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