Contact Investigation and Preventive Therapy as Tuberculosis prevention in Children with Tuberculosis Household Contact: A Systematic Review

Apriana Rahmawati,Budi Utomo,Makhfudli Makhfudli

doi:10.20473/jn.v15i1sp.19006

Abstract

Introduction: The increasing tuberculosis cases in children showed management of Tuberculosis itself. There was a finding of TB case in children according to WHO TB report 2019 that not all childrens being well diagnosed, treated or reported each year. This systematic review aims to describes implementation of TB prevention often missed in children with adult TB household contacts.Method: This study uses based on PICO, which contains Participants are family who living household with adult TB, Interventions are CI followed by PT, no comparison, Outcomes are improving the implementation of CI and PT. Searching for article is using the Scopus, PubMed, and Science Direct and found 15 articles in final which limited to the last 3 years (2017-2020). Keywords used in searching are” Tuberculosis”, “Transmission”, and “Preventive Therapy”. The population included were respondents identified as family having child aged ≤ 15 years with TB Household Contacts. The study design varied in rigorousness form of quantitative and mixed studies.Result: Household Contact (HHC) contribute to TB cases in children.Conclusion: Contact Investigation (CI) and Preventive Therapy (PT) could be succesfull strategies to prevent TB transmission to children provided not only by Health Care Workers (HCWs) but also public concerned to community-based approach in order to encouraged family members of TB affected

Highlights

Tuberculosis continues to be a major global health threat which less than two thirds of cases are reported
46% of the estimated number of cases are reported by National TB Programs (NTPs) around the world, leaving a gap of over 580 000 children who are not diagnosed, treated and/or reported each year
The aim of this review is to describe the implementation often missed and the obstacles of TB prevention in children with adult TB household contacts

Summary

Introduction

Tuberculosis continues to be a major global health threat which less than two thirds of cases are reported. The TB burden are infected in both adults and children, much of the attention on TB has been focused on adult TB. 46% of the estimated number of cases are reported by National TB Programs (NTPs) around the world, leaving a gap of over 580 000 children who are not diagnosed, treated and/or reported each year. TB can affect everyone, but one of specific population groups have a higher risk of acquiring TB infection and progressing to disease once infected are others in settings with a high risk of transmission of M.

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