Abstract
Contact dermatitis is a common skin condition, in which an inflammatory reaction occurs in response to an irritant or allergen. It can be subdivided into irritant (non-immune modulated) and allergic (immune modulated) contact dermatitis. Both forms can exist together. A detailed history and examination are essential to aid diagnosis. The hands are most commonly affected. There is an increased prevalence of contact dermatitis among those with occupational risks, females and those with a history of atopy. Affected skin becomes erythematous, and pruritic with vesicles or bullae. Lichenification and fissuring can occur in chronic cases. Treatment involves the avoidance of causative agents, the use of emollients, soap substitutes, and topical steroids. In severe cases, oral steroids may be necessary. Patch testing and onward dermatology referral to should be considered in cases that fail to respond to topical treatments, when the causative agent remains unknown or an occupational cause is suspected.
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