Abstract
Contact activation of plasma prekallikrein (PPK), using a tripeptide chromogenic substrate, and of surface mediated fibrinolysis using the euglobulin test (both tests insensitive to the anticoagulant effect of heparin and heparinoids) were studied. The following substances were tested : (1) Dextrans (different commercial therapeutic preparations) and dextran sulphate of different molecular weights. (2) Heparinoids such as: pentosane, mannuronate and galactose sulfuric polyester and liquoid. (3) Twelve different commercial therapeutic preparations of heparin. Results: XII, PPK and HMWK are necessary for the full activation. Heparinoids have a strong activation capacity on PPK and fibrinolysis, dextran sulphate (500 000) being the most active as shown by Kluft. Dextran solutions as well as different brands of heparin have a slight but definite surface activation capacity (still unnoticed, being masked by the anticoagulant activity). This explains some side effects of heparinoids and why heparin is unable to prevent contact activation, in vitro and in vivo.
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