Abstract
This study investigated the association between consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and anthropometric and biochemical variables in a cross-sectional study conducted with secondary data from the first visit of the randomized clinical trial of the Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional Program (BALANCE Program) (2013-2014). Weight, height, waist circumference, lipid profile and fasting glycemia and a 24-hour diet recall were collected. Differences between consumption and non-consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages were evaluated by Student's t-test. The Chi-square test was employed to analyze the association between consumption and non-consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and biochemical and anthropometric factors. The sample consisted of 2,172 individuals, mostly men (58.5%), elderly (63.6%), C-rated economic class (57.3%), and overweight (62.7%). A statistically significant difference was found between the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and higher BMI values (p=0.029), waist circumference (p=0.004) and triglycerides (p=0.023). These results emphasize the need for nutritional intervention regarding the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages as part of the dietary treatment of this population.
Highlights
Data published by the World Health Organization (WHO) show that cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death in the world[1]
This study investigated the association between consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and anthropometric and biochemical variables in a cross-sectional study conducted with secondary data from the first visit of the randomized clinical trial of the Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional Program (BALANCE Program) (2013-2014)
Significant differences were observed between gender (p = 0.029), economic level (p = 0.001), schooling (p = 0.004) and nutritional status (p = 0.014) among individuals consuming sugar-sweetened drinks
Summary
Data published by the World Health Organization (WHO) show that cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death in the world[1]. Scientific evidence on high sugar consumption in the form of sugar-sweetened beverages, such as soft drinks, juices and processed teas, has been associated with a calorie-rich, unhealthy diet, favoring the occurrence of overweight, high triglyceride (TG) levels, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), hyperglycemia, systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), increased diastolic blood pressure (DBP), visceral adiposity, insulin resistance (IR), metabolic syndrome and CVD3-9. According to the latest National Survey of Household Budgets, conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in 2008/2009, approximately 20% of Brazilians consume soft drinks and almost 40% processed juices, which is of concern, because they provide many calories and no specific nutrient[10]. In a recent publication by the Ministry of Health, the percentage of Brazilians who consume sugar-sweetened drinks regularly is around 16% and over half of the population is overweight[11]
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