Consumption of Green Tea As Anti-Dyslipidemia Agent and Obesity Prevention: A Systematic Review

Abstract

The major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) are obesity and dyslipidemia. However, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), which is the highest phytochemical constituents of green tea (Camellia sinensis) has many beneficial effect to health due a substance it contains known as catechin. Consuming green tea provides protection against CVD through its benefit in lowering lipid profile and the prevention of obesity. Green tea also controls obesity through fatty acid synthesis (FAS) suppression. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of green tea preparations for weight loss and improvement of lipid profile in overweight or obese adult. A systematic review on the consumption of green tea as anti-dyslipidemia effect was carried out by searching bibliographic database including Science Direct, Cochrane Library, PubMed including Randomized Control Trial (RCT) and Meta-Analysis of RCT studies published between 2011 and 2018. Total publications found in the initial search were 17,778, but only 7 publications were reviewed for meeting the inclusion criteria. Studies with EGCG of green tea that was given in range dose of 379 mg to 843 mg to obese subject for 3 to 12 months showed significant decrease in cholesterol including the Total Cholesterol (TC), Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL), and Triglyceride (TG). In conclusion, consumption of green tea has positive effect on the lipid profiles thereby reducing the risk of dyslipidemia and obesity in the study subjects.