Consumption of Anthocyanin-Rich Mulberry Fruit Jelly with a High-Fat Meal Decreases Postprandial Serum Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Dyslipidemia Subjects

Nattira On-Nom,Jutamas Tongmai,Uthaiwan Suttisansanee,Chanakan Khemthong,Pattaneeya Prangthip,Chaowanee Chupeerach,Borimas Hanboonkunupakarn,Rungrat Chamchan

doi:10.1155/2020/1370951

Abstract

Anthocyanin content in berries has been reported to promote antioxidant properties that mitigate the occurrence of noncommunicable diseases. However, only a few studies have investigated the benefits of anthocyanin-rich food products from mulberry fruit to reduce the cardiometabolic risk factor in dyslipidemia subjects. Anthocyanin-rich mulberry fruit jelly was formulated using mulberry fruit powder (MFP), and its activities on serum cardiometabolic risk factors in dyslipidemia subjects were studied. Morus alba var. Chiang Mai was used as the ingredient for MFP jelly containing 14 g MFP (191 mg anthocyanin) per serving size (170 g). To investigate the effect of MFP jelly on reduction of cardiometabolic risk factors, sixteen dyslipidemia subjects were given one serving of MFP jelly every day for seven days. After MFP jelly intervention, fasting blood cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and inflammatory markers including interleukin-6 levels of the subjects were significantly lower. Postprandial blood parameters were measured at 0–240 min after consuming a high-fat meal before and after MFP jelly intervention. Postprandial blood glucose at 30 min (p<0.05) and insulin at 60 and 90 min (p<0.01) were lower in MFP than in placebo jelly. The area under the curve of insulin in MFP jelly was smaller than in placebo by 31.2%. Therefore, MFP jelly intervention increased insulin sensitivity. For antioxidant activity markers, postprandial oxygen radical absorbance capacity after MFP jelly intervention gave a smaller decrease after high-fat meal intake compared to after placebo jelly intervention. Moreover, for the oxidative stress markers, postprandial malondialdehyde level was significantly lower in MFP jelly. Seven days of intervention by one serving size of MFP jelly containing 191 mg of anthocyanins reduced cardiometabolic risk factors by lowering blood total cholesterol, LDL, and inflammation, and improving insulin sensitivity and postprandial blood antioxidant-oxidative stress activity in dyslipidemia subjects. This trial is registered with TCTR20200415003.

Highlights

Cardiometabolic risk factors refer to conditions that increase the risk of vascular disease and diabetes exposure. ese conditions can be clustered as metabolic syndrome and include abdominal obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, elevated triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, in addition to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, insulin resistance, smoking, and inflammatory markers [1]
Addition of sucralose and citric acid was at the optimal amount according to results of sweetness and sourness intensity that were at just about right. is result was expected since sucralose is a nonnutritive sweetener with no effect on bitter aftertaste, while citric acid can help to suppress bitter taste [24, 25]. erefore, mulberry fruit power (MFP) jelly was used to demonstrate the effect of the product on postprandial cardiometabolic risk factors in dyslipidemia subjects
Several studies reported health benefits related to Total phenolic contents (TPCs) and their antioxidant activity such as antihyperglycemic [9], hypolipidemic [10], and anti-inflammatory [12] activities in both in vivo and in vitro studies. erefore, MFP jelly would be advantageous as a functional food product with high levels of these bioactive compounds to provide health benefits to consumers

Summary

Introduction

Cardiometabolic risk factors refer to conditions that increase the risk of vascular disease and diabetes exposure. ese conditions can be clustered as metabolic syndrome and include abdominal obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, elevated triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, in addition to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, insulin resistance, smoking, and inflammatory markers [1]. Cardiometabolic risk factors refer to conditions that increase the risk of vascular disease and diabetes exposure. Increased oxidative stress has been associated with various cardiometabolic risk factors [2]. Overnutrition such as excessive glucose, lipid, and caloric intake induce. Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism free radical increase during the postprandial period. Lipid peroxidation from polyunsaturated fatty acids and oxidized by free radicals produce malondialdehyde (MDA) as a byproduct. Increased MDA has been reported in people with obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [3]. More intense increased oxidative damage manifests as hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia that affect antioxidant status [4]. Polyphenol-rich fruit intervention and postprandial studies in humans have shown protective effects against oxidative stress and inflammation [5]

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